Friday, May 28, 2010
Wednesday, May 19, 2010
Can You Cheat On A Homelet Credit Check
A letter, a bet as educators of
Address of His Holiness Benedict XVI Meeting with the Teachers of Catholic Universities of the United States. April 17, 2008.
Dear Cardinals, Dear Brother Bishops, Distinguished Professors, Teachers and Educators:
"How beautiful are the feet of those who preach the Gospel" (Romans 10:15). With these words of Isaiah quoted by Saint Paul, warmly greeting each of you, bearers of wisdom, and through you to all staff, students and families of the many and varied institutions of learning that you represent. It is a pleasure to meet you and share some reflections on the nature and identity of Catholic education today. In particular, I wish to thank P. David O'Connell, President and Rector of the Catholic University of America. Dear President, I greatly appreciate your kind words of welcome. Please convey my heartfelt gratitude to the entire community of this university, the faculty, staff and students.
The task of education is integral to the mission of the Church to proclaim the Good News. First, and foremost every Catholic educational institution is a place to meet the living God who in Jesus Christ reveals his transforming love and truth (cf. Spe Salvi, 4). This relationship elicits a desire to grow in knowledge and understanding of Christ and his teaching. Thus, those who find it are driven by the power of the Gospel to lead a new life characterized by all that is beautiful, good and true, a life of Christian witness nurtured and strengthened within the community of disciples of our Lord, the Church.
The dynamic between personal encounter, knowledge and Christian witness is integral to the diakonia of truth which the Church exercises in the midst of humanity. God's revelation offers every generation the opportunity to discover the ultimate truth about life and the end of the story. This task is never easy: it involves the entire Christian community and motivates each generation of Christian educators to ensure that the power of God's truth permeates every dimension of the institutions they serve. Thus, the good news of Christ can work, guiding both teacher and student towards the objective truth that transcends the particular and the subjective, points to the universal and absolute that enables us to proclaim confidence the hope which does not disappoint (cf. Rom 5.5). Coping with personal struggles, moral confusion and fragmentation of knowledge, the noble goals of scholarship and education, founded on the unity of truth and service to the people and the community, are a particularly powerful tool hope.
Dear friends, the history of this nation includes many examples of the commitment of the Church in this area. In fact, the Catholic community here has made education one of its top priorities. This company has not been carried out without major sacrifices. Eminent figures such as St. Elizabeth Ann Seton and other founders and foundresses, with great tenacity and foresight, have prompted the institution of what is today a remarkable network of parochial schools contributing to the welfare of the Church and Nation. Some, like St. Katherine Drexel, devoted their lives to educating those whom others had neglected, if any, African and indigenous American. Numerous sisters, brothers and priests of religious orders, together with selfless parents have helped through Catholic schools, to generations of immigrants to rise from poverty and placed in today's society.
This sacrifice continues today. Is an outstanding apostolate of hope try to take care of material needs, intellectual and spiritual needs of more than three million children and students. This gives the whole Catholic community a highly commendable opportunity to contribute generously to the economic needs of our institutions. We must ensure that they maintained long term. Indeed, it has to do everything possible, in close collaboration with the community to ensure their accessibility to people of all social and economic strata. A no child should be denied the right to an education in faith, which in turn nurtures the soul of the nation.
Some today question the Church's commitment to education, wondering if these resources might be better placed elsewhere manera. Ciertamente, en una nación como ésta, el Estado ofrece amplias oportunidades para la educación y atrae hacia esta honrada profesión a hombres y mujeres comprometidos y generosos. Es oportuno, pues, reflexionar sobre lo específico de nuestras instituciones católicas. ¿Cómo pueden éstas contribuir al bien de la sociedad a través de la misión primaria de la Iglesia que es la de evangelizar?
Todas las actividades de la Iglesia nacen de su conciencia de ser portadora de un mensaje que tiene su origen en Dios mismo: en su bondad y sabiduría, Dios ha elegido revelarse a sí mismo y dar a conocer el propósito escondido de su voluntad (cf. Ef 1,9; Dei Verbum, 2). El deseo de Dios de darse a know and the innate desire of every human being to know the truth constitute the context of the human search for meaning in life. This unique encounter is sustained within our Christian community who seeks the truth becomes the one who lives by faith (cf. Fides et Ratio, 31). This can be described as a move from "I" to "we", leading the individual to be part of the People of God.
The same dynamic of communal identity - to whom I belong? - Revives the ethos of our Catholic institutions. The identity of a university or a Catholic school is not simply a question of the number of Catholic students. It is a matter of Conviction: do we really believe that only in the mystery of the Incarnate Word truly become clear the mystery of man (cf. Gaudium et Spes, 22)? Are we really willing to commit our entire self, mind and will, mind and heart to God? Do we accept the truth Christ reveals? In our universities and schools "is" tangible "faith? Is it given fervent expression liturgically, the sacraments, through prayer, acts of charity, a concern for justice and respect for God's creation? Only in this way do we really bear witness to the sense of who we are and what we uphold.
From this perspective one can recognize the "crisis of truth" is rooted in a contemporary "crisis of faith." Only through faith can we freely give our assent to God's testimony and acknowledge him as the transcendent guarantor of the truth he reveals. Once again, we see why fostering personal intimacy with Jesus Christ and communal witness to his true love, it is indispensable in Catholic institutions of learning. In fact, all we see and observe with concern the difficulty or reluctance many people have today in entrusting themselves to God. This is a complex phenomenon which I ponder continually. While we have sought diligently to engage the intelligence our young, perhaps we have neglected the will. Subsequently we observe, with distress, the notion of freedom being distorted. Freedom is not opting out of, is the ability to commit to, a participation in Being itself. As a result, authentic freedom can never be attained by turning away from God. Such a choice would ultimately disregard the very truth we need to understand ourselves. So, to raise young people's desire for an act of faith, encouraging them to engage with the ecclesial life that follows from this act of faith is a particular responsibility of each one of you, and their colleagues. So that freedom reaches the certainty of truth. In choosing to live by that truth, we embrace the fullness of the life of faith given to us in the Church.
Thus, it is clear that Catholic identity is not dependent upon statistics. Nor can it be equated simply with orthodoxy of course content. It demands and inspires much more: namely, that any aspect of your learning communities reverberates within the ecclesial life of faith. The truth can only be embodied in the faith and reason truly human, capable of directing the will along the path of freedom (cf. Spe Salvi, 23). In this way our institutions make a vital contribution to the mission of the Church and truly serve society. They should be places that recognize the active presence of God in human affairs, and every young person discovers the joy of entering into "being for others" of Christ (cf. ibid., 28).
The primary mission of the Church, to evangelize, in which educational institutions play a crucial role, is in line with the nation's fundamental aspiration to develop a society truly worthy of the dignity of the human person. Sometimes, however, questions the value of the contribution of the Church in public forum. Therefore it is important to remember that the truth of faith and of reason never contradict one another (cf. First Vatican Ecumenical Council, Const. Dogm. Dei About the Catholic faith Filius, IV: DS 3017; S. Augustine, Contra Academic, III, 20.43). The mission of the Church, in fact, involves her in humanity's struggle to reach the truth remains. In articulating revealed truth she serves all members of society by purifying reason, ensuring that it remains open to the consideration of ultimate truths. Drawing upon divine wisdom, she sheds light on the foundation of morality and human ethics, and reminds all groups in society that it is not praxis that creates truth but is the truth that should serve as the basis praxis. Far from undermining the tolerance of legitimate diversity, a contribution illuminates the very truth which makes consensus attainable, and helps the public debate remains reasonable, honest and accountable. Similarly the Church never tires of upholding the essential moral categories of right and wrong, without which hope could only wither, giving way to cold pragmatic calculations of utility which render the person little more than a pawn an ideological chess.
regard to the educational forum, the diakonia of truth takes on a heightened significance in societies where secularist ideology drives a wedge between truth and faith. This division has led to a tendency to equate truth with knowledge and to adopt a mentality position which, in rejecting metaphysics, denies the foundations of faith and rejects the need for a moral vision. Truth means more than knowledge: knowing the truth leads us to discover the good. The truth is on the individual as a whole, inviting us to respond with our whole being. This optimistic view is founded on our Christian faith because such faith is the vision of the Logos, the creative reason of God who has revealed laEncarnación as Goodness itself. Far from being just a communication of factual data, "information", the loving truth of the Gospel is creative and life-changing, "performative" (cf. Spe Salvi, 2). With confidence, Christian educators can liberate the young from the limits of positivism and awaken receptivity to the truth, to God and His goodness. Thus, you will also help to form their conscience which, enriched by faith, opens a sure path to inner peace and respect for others.
not surprising, therefore, not just our own ecclesial communities but society in general has high expectations of Catholic educators. This places upon you a responsibility and an opportunity. More and more, especially parents, who recognize the need for excellence in the human formation of their children. As a mother and teacher, the Church shares their concern. When not recognized as definitive nothing beyond the individual, the ultimate criterion of judgment becomes the self and the satisfaction of one's own immediate desires. The objectivity and perspective that can only come through recognition of the essential transcendent dimension of the human person, can be lost. In such a relativistic horizon the goals of education are inevitably curtailed. Slowly, a lowering of standards. We observe today a timidity before the category of good and an aimless pursuit of novelty parading as the realization of freedom. We witness an assumption that every experience is worth the same and how reluctance to admit imperfection and mistakes. It is particularly concerned about the reduction of the precious and delicate area of \u200b\u200beducation in sexuality to management of "risk" without reference to the beauty of conjugal love.
How can Christian educators respond? These harmful demonstrate how urgent it is what we might call "intellectual charity". This aspect of charity calls the educator to recognize that the profound responsibility to lead the young to truth is nothing but an act of love. Indeed, the dignity of education lies in fostering the true perfection and happiness of those who are to be formed. In practice, the "charity intellectual "upholds the essential unity of knowledge against the fragmentation which ensues when reason is detached from the pursuit of truth. This leads the young towards the deep satisfaction of exercising freedom in relation to the truth, and it strives to articulate the relationship between faith and various aspects of family and civic life. Once awakened passion for the fullness and unity of truth, young people will surely relish the discovery that the question about what they can know opens up the great adventure of what to do. They will experience "in whom" and "how" can be expected and encouraged to make their contribution to society in a way that engenders hope in others.
Dear friends, I wish to conclude by focusing our attention specifically on the paramount importance of your own professionalism and witness within our Catholic universities and schools. First of all, let me thank your dedication and generosity. I've known as a professor, and then I heard from your Bishops and officials of the Congregation for Catholic Education, that the reputation of educational institutions in the country is due in large part to you and your predecessors. Their selfless contributions-from research to the dedication of those working in academic institutions-serve both your country and the Church. For this I express my profundagratitud.
About the faculty members at Catholic colleges universities, I would like to reaffirm the great value of academic freedom. Under this freedom you are called to seek the truth wherever careful analysis of evidence leads. However, it must also say that any appeal to the principle of academic freedom to justify positions that contradict the faith and the teaching of the Church would obstruct or even betray the identity and mission of the university, a mission that is at the heart of munus docendi of the Church and in no way autonomous or independent the same.
Teachers and administrators, whether in universities or schools, have the duty and privilege to ensure that students receive instruction in doctrine and Catholic practice. This requires that public witness to Christ, as found in the Gospel and the Church's Magisterium, shapes all aspects of institutional life, both inside and outside the classroom. Divergence from this vision weakens Catholic identity and, far from advancing freedom, inevitably leads to confusion, whether moral, intellectual or spiritual.
I would also like to express a special word of encouragement to the catechists, both lay and religious, who strive to ensure that young people become daily more appreciative of the gift of faith. Religious education is a challenging apostolate, and there are many signs among young people in a desire to learn about the faith and practice it with vigor. If you want to develop this awakening, it is necessary that teachers have a clear and precise understanding of the specific nature and role of Catholic education. Must also be prepared for the commitment made by the entire school community to assist our youth and their families to experience the harmony between faith, life and culture.
I wish to make a special appeal to religious, the nuns and priests: do not abandon the school apostolate; indeed, renew your commitment to schools, particularly those who are in the poorest areas. In places where there are many hollow promises which lure young people away from the path of truth and genuine freedom, the witness of the evangelical counsels are consecrated persons is an irreplaceable gift. I encourage the Religious present here today to renew their enthusiasm in promoting vocations. Know that your witness to the ideal of consecration and mission among the young is a source of great inspiration in faith for them and their families.
you all I say, be witness hope. Nourish your witness with prayer. Give reason for the hope that characterizes your lives (cf. 1 Pet 3.15), living the truth they propose to their students. Help them to know and love the One you have encountered, whose truth and goodness you have experienced with joy. Let us say with St. Augustine: "Both of us who speak and you who listen, we know that we are true disciples of a single teacher" (Sermon 23.2). With these sentiments of communion, I gladly impart to you, your colleagues and students and their families, my Apostolic Blessing.
Address of His Holiness Benedict XVI Meeting with the Teachers of Catholic Universities of the United States. April 17, 2008.
Dear Cardinals, Dear Brother Bishops, Distinguished Professors, Teachers and Educators:
"How beautiful are the feet of those who preach the Gospel" (Romans 10:15). With these words of Isaiah quoted by Saint Paul, warmly greeting each of you, bearers of wisdom, and through you to all staff, students and families of the many and varied institutions of learning that you represent. It is a pleasure to meet you and share some reflections on the nature and identity of Catholic education today. In particular, I wish to thank P. David O'Connell, President and Rector of the Catholic University of America. Dear President, I greatly appreciate your kind words of welcome. Please convey my heartfelt gratitude to the entire community of this university, the faculty, staff and students.
The task of education is integral to the mission of the Church to proclaim the Good News. First, and foremost every Catholic educational institution is a place to meet the living God who in Jesus Christ reveals his transforming love and truth (cf. Spe Salvi, 4). This relationship elicits a desire to grow in knowledge and understanding of Christ and his teaching. Thus, those who find it are driven by the power of the Gospel to lead a new life characterized by all that is beautiful, good and true, a life of Christian witness nurtured and strengthened within the community of disciples of our Lord, the Church.
The dynamic between personal encounter, knowledge and Christian witness is integral to the diakonia of truth which the Church exercises in the midst of humanity. God's revelation offers every generation the opportunity to discover the ultimate truth about life and the end of the story. This task is never easy: it involves the entire Christian community and motivates each generation of Christian educators to ensure that the power of God's truth permeates every dimension of the institutions they serve. Thus, the good news of Christ can work, guiding both teacher and student towards the objective truth that transcends the particular and the subjective, points to the universal and absolute that enables us to proclaim confidence the hope which does not disappoint (cf. Rom 5.5). Coping with personal struggles, moral confusion and fragmentation of knowledge, the noble goals of scholarship and education, founded on the unity of truth and service to the people and the community, are a particularly powerful tool hope.
Dear friends, the history of this nation includes many examples of the commitment of the Church in this area. In fact, the Catholic community here has made education one of its top priorities. This company has not been carried out without major sacrifices. Eminent figures such as St. Elizabeth Ann Seton and other founders and foundresses, with great tenacity and foresight, have prompted the institution of what is today a remarkable network of parochial schools contributing to the welfare of the Church and Nation. Some, like St. Katherine Drexel, devoted their lives to educating those whom others had neglected, if any, African and indigenous American. Numerous sisters, brothers and priests of religious orders, together with selfless parents have helped through Catholic schools, to generations of immigrants to rise from poverty and placed in today's society.
This sacrifice continues today. Is an outstanding apostolate of hope try to take care of material needs, intellectual and spiritual needs of more than three million children and students. This gives the whole Catholic community a highly commendable opportunity to contribute generously to the economic needs of our institutions. We must ensure that they maintained long term. Indeed, it has to do everything possible, in close collaboration with the community to ensure their accessibility to people of all social and economic strata. A no child should be denied the right to an education in faith, which in turn nurtures the soul of the nation.
Some today question the Church's commitment to education, wondering if these resources might be better placed elsewhere manera. Ciertamente, en una nación como ésta, el Estado ofrece amplias oportunidades para la educación y atrae hacia esta honrada profesión a hombres y mujeres comprometidos y generosos. Es oportuno, pues, reflexionar sobre lo específico de nuestras instituciones católicas. ¿Cómo pueden éstas contribuir al bien de la sociedad a través de la misión primaria de la Iglesia que es la de evangelizar?
Todas las actividades de la Iglesia nacen de su conciencia de ser portadora de un mensaje que tiene su origen en Dios mismo: en su bondad y sabiduría, Dios ha elegido revelarse a sí mismo y dar a conocer el propósito escondido de su voluntad (cf. Ef 1,9; Dei Verbum, 2). El deseo de Dios de darse a know and the innate desire of every human being to know the truth constitute the context of the human search for meaning in life. This unique encounter is sustained within our Christian community who seeks the truth becomes the one who lives by faith (cf. Fides et Ratio, 31). This can be described as a move from "I" to "we", leading the individual to be part of the People of God.
The same dynamic of communal identity - to whom I belong? - Revives the ethos of our Catholic institutions. The identity of a university or a Catholic school is not simply a question of the number of Catholic students. It is a matter of Conviction: do we really believe that only in the mystery of the Incarnate Word truly become clear the mystery of man (cf. Gaudium et Spes, 22)? Are we really willing to commit our entire self, mind and will, mind and heart to God? Do we accept the truth Christ reveals? In our universities and schools "is" tangible "faith? Is it given fervent expression liturgically, the sacraments, through prayer, acts of charity, a concern for justice and respect for God's creation? Only in this way do we really bear witness to the sense of who we are and what we uphold.
From this perspective one can recognize the "crisis of truth" is rooted in a contemporary "crisis of faith." Only through faith can we freely give our assent to God's testimony and acknowledge him as the transcendent guarantor of the truth he reveals. Once again, we see why fostering personal intimacy with Jesus Christ and communal witness to his true love, it is indispensable in Catholic institutions of learning. In fact, all we see and observe with concern the difficulty or reluctance many people have today in entrusting themselves to God. This is a complex phenomenon which I ponder continually. While we have sought diligently to engage the intelligence our young, perhaps we have neglected the will. Subsequently we observe, with distress, the notion of freedom being distorted. Freedom is not opting out of, is the ability to commit to, a participation in Being itself. As a result, authentic freedom can never be attained by turning away from God. Such a choice would ultimately disregard the very truth we need to understand ourselves. So, to raise young people's desire for an act of faith, encouraging them to engage with the ecclesial life that follows from this act of faith is a particular responsibility of each one of you, and their colleagues. So that freedom reaches the certainty of truth. In choosing to live by that truth, we embrace the fullness of the life of faith given to us in the Church.
Thus, it is clear that Catholic identity is not dependent upon statistics. Nor can it be equated simply with orthodoxy of course content. It demands and inspires much more: namely, that any aspect of your learning communities reverberates within the ecclesial life of faith. The truth can only be embodied in the faith and reason truly human, capable of directing the will along the path of freedom (cf. Spe Salvi, 23). In this way our institutions make a vital contribution to the mission of the Church and truly serve society. They should be places that recognize the active presence of God in human affairs, and every young person discovers the joy of entering into "being for others" of Christ (cf. ibid., 28).
The primary mission of the Church, to evangelize, in which educational institutions play a crucial role, is in line with the nation's fundamental aspiration to develop a society truly worthy of the dignity of the human person. Sometimes, however, questions the value of the contribution of the Church in public forum. Therefore it is important to remember that the truth of faith and of reason never contradict one another (cf. First Vatican Ecumenical Council, Const. Dogm. Dei About the Catholic faith Filius, IV: DS 3017; S. Augustine, Contra Academic, III, 20.43). The mission of the Church, in fact, involves her in humanity's struggle to reach the truth remains. In articulating revealed truth she serves all members of society by purifying reason, ensuring that it remains open to the consideration of ultimate truths. Drawing upon divine wisdom, she sheds light on the foundation of morality and human ethics, and reminds all groups in society that it is not praxis that creates truth but is the truth that should serve as the basis praxis. Far from undermining the tolerance of legitimate diversity, a contribution illuminates the very truth which makes consensus attainable, and helps the public debate remains reasonable, honest and accountable. Similarly the Church never tires of upholding the essential moral categories of right and wrong, without which hope could only wither, giving way to cold pragmatic calculations of utility which render the person little more than a pawn an ideological chess.
regard to the educational forum, the diakonia of truth takes on a heightened significance in societies where secularist ideology drives a wedge between truth and faith. This division has led to a tendency to equate truth with knowledge and to adopt a mentality position which, in rejecting metaphysics, denies the foundations of faith and rejects the need for a moral vision. Truth means more than knowledge: knowing the truth leads us to discover the good. The truth is on the individual as a whole, inviting us to respond with our whole being. This optimistic view is founded on our Christian faith because such faith is the vision of the Logos, the creative reason of God who has revealed laEncarnación as Goodness itself. Far from being just a communication of factual data, "information", the loving truth of the Gospel is creative and life-changing, "performative" (cf. Spe Salvi, 2). With confidence, Christian educators can liberate the young from the limits of positivism and awaken receptivity to the truth, to God and His goodness. Thus, you will also help to form their conscience which, enriched by faith, opens a sure path to inner peace and respect for others.
not surprising, therefore, not just our own ecclesial communities but society in general has high expectations of Catholic educators. This places upon you a responsibility and an opportunity. More and more, especially parents, who recognize the need for excellence in the human formation of their children. As a mother and teacher, the Church shares their concern. When not recognized as definitive nothing beyond the individual, the ultimate criterion of judgment becomes the self and the satisfaction of one's own immediate desires. The objectivity and perspective that can only come through recognition of the essential transcendent dimension of the human person, can be lost. In such a relativistic horizon the goals of education are inevitably curtailed. Slowly, a lowering of standards. We observe today a timidity before the category of good and an aimless pursuit of novelty parading as the realization of freedom. We witness an assumption that every experience is worth the same and how reluctance to admit imperfection and mistakes. It is particularly concerned about the reduction of the precious and delicate area of \u200b\u200beducation in sexuality to management of "risk" without reference to the beauty of conjugal love.
How can Christian educators respond? These harmful demonstrate how urgent it is what we might call "intellectual charity". This aspect of charity calls the educator to recognize that the profound responsibility to lead the young to truth is nothing but an act of love. Indeed, the dignity of education lies in fostering the true perfection and happiness of those who are to be formed. In practice, the "charity intellectual "upholds the essential unity of knowledge against the fragmentation which ensues when reason is detached from the pursuit of truth. This leads the young towards the deep satisfaction of exercising freedom in relation to the truth, and it strives to articulate the relationship between faith and various aspects of family and civic life. Once awakened passion for the fullness and unity of truth, young people will surely relish the discovery that the question about what they can know opens up the great adventure of what to do. They will experience "in whom" and "how" can be expected and encouraged to make their contribution to society in a way that engenders hope in others.
Dear friends, I wish to conclude by focusing our attention specifically on the paramount importance of your own professionalism and witness within our Catholic universities and schools. First of all, let me thank your dedication and generosity. I've known as a professor, and then I heard from your Bishops and officials of the Congregation for Catholic Education, that the reputation of educational institutions in the country is due in large part to you and your predecessors. Their selfless contributions-from research to the dedication of those working in academic institutions-serve both your country and the Church. For this I express my profundagratitud.
About the faculty members at Catholic colleges universities, I would like to reaffirm the great value of academic freedom. Under this freedom you are called to seek the truth wherever careful analysis of evidence leads. However, it must also say that any appeal to the principle of academic freedom to justify positions that contradict the faith and the teaching of the Church would obstruct or even betray the identity and mission of the university, a mission that is at the heart of munus docendi of the Church and in no way autonomous or independent the same.
Teachers and administrators, whether in universities or schools, have the duty and privilege to ensure that students receive instruction in doctrine and Catholic practice. This requires that public witness to Christ, as found in the Gospel and the Church's Magisterium, shapes all aspects of institutional life, both inside and outside the classroom. Divergence from this vision weakens Catholic identity and, far from advancing freedom, inevitably leads to confusion, whether moral, intellectual or spiritual.
I would also like to express a special word of encouragement to the catechists, both lay and religious, who strive to ensure that young people become daily more appreciative of the gift of faith. Religious education is a challenging apostolate, and there are many signs among young people in a desire to learn about the faith and practice it with vigor. If you want to develop this awakening, it is necessary that teachers have a clear and precise understanding of the specific nature and role of Catholic education. Must also be prepared for the commitment made by the entire school community to assist our youth and their families to experience the harmony between faith, life and culture.
I wish to make a special appeal to religious, the nuns and priests: do not abandon the school apostolate; indeed, renew your commitment to schools, particularly those who are in the poorest areas. In places where there are many hollow promises which lure young people away from the path of truth and genuine freedom, the witness of the evangelical counsels are consecrated persons is an irreplaceable gift. I encourage the Religious present here today to renew their enthusiasm in promoting vocations. Know that your witness to the ideal of consecration and mission among the young is a source of great inspiration in faith for them and their families.
you all I say, be witness hope. Nourish your witness with prayer. Give reason for the hope that characterizes your lives (cf. 1 Pet 3.15), living the truth they propose to their students. Help them to know and love the One you have encountered, whose truth and goodness you have experienced with joy. Let us say with St. Augustine: "Both of us who speak and you who listen, we know that we are true disciples of a single teacher" (Sermon 23.2). With these sentiments of communion, I gladly impart to you, your colleagues and students and their families, my Apostolic Blessing.
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in educational work with young people you propose a moving letter
Rome, 10 May 1884.
My dear children in Jesus Christ: Near or far, I always think of you. One alone is my desire to be happy here and in eternity. This thought, this desire has led me to write this letter. Sorry, my dears, the weight of the distance at which I meet you, and not see them and hear no causes me pain, because they can not imagine. So I write these lines would have liked a week ago, but the continuing occupations prevented me. However, although a few days before my return, I anticipate my arrival among you, at least, through a letter, and I can not do with me. These are the words of one who loves you dearly in Jesus Christ and has a duty to speak with the freedom of a parent. You allow me to do so, is not it?. And pay attention and implement what I'm going to say.
I've said over and over that they are the only continuous thought in my mind. However, in one of the nights spent I had retired to my room and as I was about to surrender the break, I began to pray the prayers that my dear mother taught me, and at that moment, I can not sleep well if victim or out of me for some distraction, I found that appeared before me two former students of oratory.
One of them approached me and greeted me warmly, I said,
- Oh, Don Bosco! You know me?.
- Yes, I know - I answered.
- And still remember me? - Added.
- from yourself and others. You are Valfré and were in the chapel before 1870.
- Say - the man continued -, do you want to see young people who were at the Oratory in my time?
- Yes, just let me see - I said -, that gave me great joy. Then
Valfré showed me all the boys with the same face and with the same age and height at that time. I seemed to be in the old chapel in recess. It was a scene full of life, movement and joy. Who ran, who jumped, who did jump to the other, who was playing. In one room was gathered a group of outstanding young men from the lips of a priest who told them a story. Elsewhere there was a cleric with another group playing. They sang, laughed everywhere, and everywhere priests and clergymen, and around them, kids who rattled merrily. Between youth and reigned over the greatest cordiality and confidence. I was delighted to see this show and Valfré said:
- See, familiarity breeds affection, affection and trust. This is what opens the heart and what teens and express everything without fear, teachers, assistants and superiors. Are sincere confession and beyond, and lend themselves easily to everything they want to send those who know you love them. Meanwhile
approached me another former student who was completely white beard and said:
- Don Bosco, will you now see young people who are currently at the Oratory?.
This was Joseph Buzzetti.
- Yes - I said -, because a month ago I have not seen.
And to me said: I saw the chapel and all of you who were in recess. But not heard and shouts of joy and songs, did not contemplate that movement, that life he had seen in the first scene. In the gestures
and in the faces of some young people felt a sadness, a lack of appetite, a dislike, distrust that caused great pain to my heart. Vi, is true, many running, playing, moving with joyous abandon, but others, and were large enough, they were alone, supported by columns, dams discouraging thoughts, others were on the stairs and in corridors or on the banks overlooking the garden wall, not to take part in the common recreation, while others walked slowly, in groups and talking quietly among themselves, throwing both sides suspicious and malicious eyes, others smiled, but with a smile accompanied by gestures that were suspect, even among those who played, had some so listless, that suggested clearly that they did not find any pleasure in the playground.
- Have you seen their young? - He said that former student.
- Yes I see - I said sighing.
- How different than it was us! - Exclaimed.
- Mucho! What unwillingness in this playground!.
- And here comes the cold for many to approach the sacraments, the neglect of the practices of piety in the church and elsewhere, reluctantly being in this place, where the Divine Providence fills all good physical, spiritual and intellectual. From here, the not correspond many a vocation, hence, ingratitude towards the top, hence, the secrets and gossip with all the other dire consequences.
- I understand - I answered - but how to encourage these young people to live the old joy and expansion?.
- With love.
- With the love?. But is that my kids are not pretty ones?. You know how much I love. You know how I suffered for them and how I tolerated over forty years, and how I tolerate and suffer today. Many jobs, many humiliations, many obstacles, many persecutions for proportional bread, shelter, teachers and especially to seek the salvation of their souls. I've done everything I could and learned from them, they are the love of my life.
- I'm not talking to you.
- Who are you talking about, then? Does that make my time? Do the directors, prefects, teachers, the assistants? Can not you see that they are martyrs of study and work? How can consume years of his youth in favor of them, which are a legacy of Providence?.
- I see and I know, but that is not enough. Lack the most important.
- What is missing then?.
- that young people are not only loved, but that they realize they are loved.
- But do not have eyes in the face? Do not have light in intelligence? Can not you see that is done for them, is done for love?.
- No, I repeat, is not enough.
- What is required then?.
- Who, being loved in the things they like you, to participate in their children's inclinations, learn to love too see those little things they like, such as: discipline, study, self-mortification, and learn to act with generosity and love.
- Explain better.
- Note to young people in the playground.
I did what you said and cried.
- What particular?.
- So many years ago that is dedicated to education youth and does not understand?. Look better. Where are our Salesian?.
I looked and saw that there were very few priests and clerics who were mixed among young people and were much less those who took part in their games. The superiors were no longer the soul of the recess. Most of them walking, talking among themselves, without worrying about what students did, while others played, but without thinking in young people, while others guarded to good, but without noticing the faults that were committed, the odd corrected the offenders, but with threats and this rarely. There was a Salesian who wished to enter into a group of young, but I saw that the boys were seeking to move away from their teachers and superiors.
Then my friend told me
- In the early days of the oratorio, "you were not always among the young, especially at recess? Remember those wonderful years? It was a joy of paradise, a time that we always remember with emotion, because love rules everything and we had no secrets to Don Bosco.
- Right! Then everything was a joy to my youth and stubbornness were to move closer to me, talk, and there was a real anxiety for listening to my advice and put them into practice. Now, however, continued hearings, my busy schedule and poor health prevents me.
- Fine, fine, but if you can not, why not become his Salesians imitators? Why not insist, does not require them to treat young people as you tried?.
- and insist I speak to tired, but many are determined to take the job that requires education.
"And so, neglecting the very least, lose the most and this" more "is the fruit of his labors. Who love what they like young people, and young love that is like the above. In this way the work will be very tolerable. The cause of this change of the Oratory is that a good number of young people are confidence in their superiors. Formerly, all hearts were open to the top, so that young people loved and obeyed promptly. But now above are considered solely, as such, rather, as parents, siblings and friends; thus is most feared to beloved. So if you want to be one heart and one soul, for Jesus' sake, be fatal to break that barrier of mistrust, which is to be supplanted by more cordial confidence. Ie, that obedience is to guide students like your child thrive, then reign in the oratory of peace and the old joy.
- How, then, to break that barrier?.
- Familiarity with young people, especially at recess. Without familiarity can not show affection, and without this demonstration can not be trusted. He who wants to be loved, it is necessary to show that love. Jesus Christ became small with small and bore our diseases. Behold the Master of the family!
"Master which is only seen in the chair, it's only teacher and nothing more, but if you participate in recreational youth also becomes a brother."
"If one is seen in the pulpit preaching, they say that does his duty, but if he is seen saying on the playground a good word, we must recognize that the word comes from a person you love."
"How many conversions were not the effect of any of the words he spoke suddenly a young man's ear while having fun! He who knows he is loved, loves and is loved get it all, especially young people. This trust provides an electric current between young and higher. Hearts are opened, make known their needs and express its defects. This love makes the upper can withstand the hardships, the disappointments, the ingratitude, the lack of discipline, frivolities, neglect of youth. Jesus did not break the cane and rattan, nor quench the smoldering wick. Here's your model. Then no one will work for pride, or who punished to avenge his pride hurt, or who withdraws from the field of assistance to a feared preponderance zeal of others, or who gossip of others to be loved and esteemed by the youth to the exclusion of all other higher when in fact they will not reap nothing but contempt and hypocritical flattery, and who let them steal the heart of a creature and in entertaining it neglected all the other youngsters, or who, for the sake of their own comfort, jeopardize the duty of assistance, or who by false human respect, not to admonish those who need to be cautioned. If there is this love cash, otherwise we shall not seek the glory of God and the good of souls. When this love is languishing when things go wrong. Why charity is intended to replace the chill of a regulation? Why set aside over the observance of those rules of education that they gave Don Bosco? For the system to prevent, monitor and correct disorders lovingly, you will want to replace that other easier and more comfortable for the boss, to enact the law and enforce it, by the punishments that carry hate and dislikes light, if observing them is neglected, cause of contempt for the senior and most serious disorders. And this is necessarily the case if there is no familiarity. If, therefore, it is desired that the oratorio reign of former happiness, we must give effect to the old system: the upper is for everyone, always willing to listen to any doubt or regret for young people, all eyes for paternal monitoring their behavior, all heart to seek the spiritual good of their junior and temporal welfare of those whom Providence has entrusted to your care. "
" Then the heart will not stay closed and not hide things that cause the death of souls. Only in the case of immorality, are the top inflexible. It is better to run the danger away from home to an innocent person to stay in it a scandal. Attendees will consider as a grave obligation of conscience refer to the above all created things that may constitute an offense against God. "
Then I asked:
- And what is the primary means to succeed such familiarity and that love and trust?.
- The exact observation of the Rules of the house.
- Is that all?.
- The best dish at a meal is a good face. As my former student
finished speaking these words, I kept watching with real disgust recess and, little by little, I felt oppressed by a great weariness grew. This oppression reached such a point that can not resist, I shuddered, then waking up. I found
Standing beside my bed. My legs were so swollen and hurt so much, I could not stand. It was late, so I went to bed, decided to write these lines to my dear children.
I wish not to have these dreams, because I produce a great exhaustion.
The next day, he still felt pain in my bones and I could not wait to rest. But here, at evening, I was just in bed, I began to dream again.
had before my eyes the yard occupied by young people who are currently in the Oratory, next to me, the same former student.
I then began to ask:
- What I've said is I will let my Salesians, but what I tell young people the Oratory?.
- To recognize the work they are imposed over the teachers and assistants for their sakes, for styling if not for their sake, not be imposed so many sacrifices to remember that humility is the source of all tranquility that know bear the faults of others, because perfection is not in this world, but only in Paradise, to stop gossip, gossip cools as hearts, and above all, to seek to live in the grace of God. Who does not live in peace with God, can not have peace with himself and with others.
- You told me then that is between my young who are not at peace with God?.
- This is, among other things, the first cause of the prevailing unrest, which must be remedied and that I need not mention it. Indeed, only distrust those who have secrets to hide, who fear that these secrets are discovered, he knows which, if shown, derive from them a great shame and not a few mishaps. At the same time, if the heart is not at peace with God, living anxious, restless, rebellious to all obedience, irritated by anything, he believes that everything is going wrong, and as he does not love does not judge that higher love.
- Well, however, can not you see, my dear, the frequency of existing denominations and communions in the chapel?.
- It is true that the frequency of confessions is great, but what is lacking in many young people all who confess, is the stability or firmness of purpose. He confesses, but always the same errors, the same proximate occasions of the same bad habits, the same disobedience, the same negligence in the performance of duties. So go ahead for months and years, and some up to the end of the studies. Such confessions are worth little or nothing, so do not provide peace, and if a young man in such a state was called before the tribunal of God, would be in a bind.
- And of these there are many in the chapel?.
- Regarding with the large number of young people in the house, fortunately they are few. Look.
And in saying this I pointed them out.
I watched them one by one. But in those few, I saw things that my heart greatly embittered. I do not want to express in writing, but back when they are communicate to each stakeholder. Now I will say only that it is time to pray and to take firm decisions, to meet not in word but in deed and to demonstrate that Comollo, the Dominic Savio, the Bessucco and Saccardi, still live among us.
Finally I asked one friend:
- Got something to say?.
- preaches to everyone, young and old, to remember where are the children of Mary Help of Christians. She has gathered here to deliver them from the dangers of the world to love one another as brothers and give glory to God as She and her good behavior, which is the Virgin who provides bread and all they need to study infinite working wonders and giving countless graces. Remember that they are on the eve of the feast of the Blessed Mother and with his help you must drop the barrier of mistrust that the devil has managed to raise young people and their superiors, and which knows how to use for ruin of souls.
- And get down that barrier?.
- Yes, indeed, provided adults and children are willing to suffer a mortification for the sake of Mary and implement what I have said.
Meanwhile, I continued to watch the youngsters, and the sight of those who saw their aim to eternal damnation, I felt such anguish in my heart that I woke up.
I tell many important things that I saw in this dream, but time and circumstances do not permit me.
conclude: You know what they want from you this poor old man, who has spent his life searching for the good of their young ones?. Just
which saved in due proportion, flourish the happy days of the old chapel. The days of love and trust Christian young people and their superiors, the days of the spirit of mutual tolerance condescension and love for Jesus Christ, the days of open hearts to the simplicity and candor, the days of love and true happiness for all. I need to be comforted by the hope reborn in me and promising to do everything I wish for the good of our souls. You can not appreciate how lucky they are to be in the chapel. I assure you, before God, it is sufficient that a young man enters a Salesian House, that the Blessed Virgin will take under his celestial protection. Let us, therefore, all agreed. Charity of the rulers, the love of those who must obey, then reign among us the spirit of St. Francis de Sales. Oh, my dear children! It is about time that I must separate myself from you and for eternity.
(Note by the Secretary: to get here, let's give Don Bosco, his eyes filled with tears, not because of disgust, but by the ineffable tenderness that was reflected in his face and in his words a few seconds then continued) .
So my greatest wish, my dear priests, clerics and youth is designed to leave the path that the Lord would continue.
To this end, the Holy Father, whom I have seen on Friday, May 8, sends his blessing wholeheartedly. Mary Day Help me find in the company of all of you before the image of our most beloved Mother. I hope that your holiday is celebrated with solemnity and joy. The feast of Mary Help of Christians should be the prelude to the eternal feast that we celebrate together one day in paradise.
Yours in Christ.
Juan Bosco.
My dear children in Jesus Christ: Near or far, I always think of you. One alone is my desire to be happy here and in eternity. This thought, this desire has led me to write this letter. Sorry, my dears, the weight of the distance at which I meet you, and not see them and hear no causes me pain, because they can not imagine. So I write these lines would have liked a week ago, but the continuing occupations prevented me. However, although a few days before my return, I anticipate my arrival among you, at least, through a letter, and I can not do with me. These are the words of one who loves you dearly in Jesus Christ and has a duty to speak with the freedom of a parent. You allow me to do so, is not it?. And pay attention and implement what I'm going to say.
I've said over and over that they are the only continuous thought in my mind. However, in one of the nights spent I had retired to my room and as I was about to surrender the break, I began to pray the prayers that my dear mother taught me, and at that moment, I can not sleep well if victim or out of me for some distraction, I found that appeared before me two former students of oratory.
One of them approached me and greeted me warmly, I said,
- Oh, Don Bosco! You know me?.
- Yes, I know - I answered.
- And still remember me? - Added.
- from yourself and others. You are Valfré and were in the chapel before 1870.
- Say - the man continued -, do you want to see young people who were at the Oratory in my time?
- Yes, just let me see - I said -, that gave me great joy. Then
Valfré showed me all the boys with the same face and with the same age and height at that time. I seemed to be in the old chapel in recess. It was a scene full of life, movement and joy. Who ran, who jumped, who did jump to the other, who was playing. In one room was gathered a group of outstanding young men from the lips of a priest who told them a story. Elsewhere there was a cleric with another group playing. They sang, laughed everywhere, and everywhere priests and clergymen, and around them, kids who rattled merrily. Between youth and reigned over the greatest cordiality and confidence. I was delighted to see this show and Valfré said:
- See, familiarity breeds affection, affection and trust. This is what opens the heart and what teens and express everything without fear, teachers, assistants and superiors. Are sincere confession and beyond, and lend themselves easily to everything they want to send those who know you love them. Meanwhile
approached me another former student who was completely white beard and said:
- Don Bosco, will you now see young people who are currently at the Oratory?.
This was Joseph Buzzetti.
- Yes - I said -, because a month ago I have not seen.
And to me said: I saw the chapel and all of you who were in recess. But not heard and shouts of joy and songs, did not contemplate that movement, that life he had seen in the first scene. In the gestures
and in the faces of some young people felt a sadness, a lack of appetite, a dislike, distrust that caused great pain to my heart. Vi, is true, many running, playing, moving with joyous abandon, but others, and were large enough, they were alone, supported by columns, dams discouraging thoughts, others were on the stairs and in corridors or on the banks overlooking the garden wall, not to take part in the common recreation, while others walked slowly, in groups and talking quietly among themselves, throwing both sides suspicious and malicious eyes, others smiled, but with a smile accompanied by gestures that were suspect, even among those who played, had some so listless, that suggested clearly that they did not find any pleasure in the playground.
- Have you seen their young? - He said that former student.
- Yes I see - I said sighing.
- How different than it was us! - Exclaimed.
- Mucho! What unwillingness in this playground!.
- And here comes the cold for many to approach the sacraments, the neglect of the practices of piety in the church and elsewhere, reluctantly being in this place, where the Divine Providence fills all good physical, spiritual and intellectual. From here, the not correspond many a vocation, hence, ingratitude towards the top, hence, the secrets and gossip with all the other dire consequences.
- I understand - I answered - but how to encourage these young people to live the old joy and expansion?.
- With love.
- With the love?. But is that my kids are not pretty ones?. You know how much I love. You know how I suffered for them and how I tolerated over forty years, and how I tolerate and suffer today. Many jobs, many humiliations, many obstacles, many persecutions for proportional bread, shelter, teachers and especially to seek the salvation of their souls. I've done everything I could and learned from them, they are the love of my life.
- I'm not talking to you.
- Who are you talking about, then? Does that make my time? Do the directors, prefects, teachers, the assistants? Can not you see that they are martyrs of study and work? How can consume years of his youth in favor of them, which are a legacy of Providence?.
- I see and I know, but that is not enough. Lack the most important.
- What is missing then?.
- that young people are not only loved, but that they realize they are loved.
- But do not have eyes in the face? Do not have light in intelligence? Can not you see that is done for them, is done for love?.
- No, I repeat, is not enough.
- What is required then?.
- Who, being loved in the things they like you, to participate in their children's inclinations, learn to love too see those little things they like, such as: discipline, study, self-mortification, and learn to act with generosity and love.
- Explain better.
- Note to young people in the playground.
I did what you said and cried.
- What particular?.
- So many years ago that is dedicated to education youth and does not understand?. Look better. Where are our Salesian?.
I looked and saw that there were very few priests and clerics who were mixed among young people and were much less those who took part in their games. The superiors were no longer the soul of the recess. Most of them walking, talking among themselves, without worrying about what students did, while others played, but without thinking in young people, while others guarded to good, but without noticing the faults that were committed, the odd corrected the offenders, but with threats and this rarely. There was a Salesian who wished to enter into a group of young, but I saw that the boys were seeking to move away from their teachers and superiors.
Then my friend told me
- In the early days of the oratorio, "you were not always among the young, especially at recess? Remember those wonderful years? It was a joy of paradise, a time that we always remember with emotion, because love rules everything and we had no secrets to Don Bosco.
- Right! Then everything was a joy to my youth and stubbornness were to move closer to me, talk, and there was a real anxiety for listening to my advice and put them into practice. Now, however, continued hearings, my busy schedule and poor health prevents me.
- Fine, fine, but if you can not, why not become his Salesians imitators? Why not insist, does not require them to treat young people as you tried?.
- and insist I speak to tired, but many are determined to take the job that requires education.
"And so, neglecting the very least, lose the most and this" more "is the fruit of his labors. Who love what they like young people, and young love that is like the above. In this way the work will be very tolerable. The cause of this change of the Oratory is that a good number of young people are confidence in their superiors. Formerly, all hearts were open to the top, so that young people loved and obeyed promptly. But now above are considered solely, as such, rather, as parents, siblings and friends; thus is most feared to beloved. So if you want to be one heart and one soul, for Jesus' sake, be fatal to break that barrier of mistrust, which is to be supplanted by more cordial confidence. Ie, that obedience is to guide students like your child thrive, then reign in the oratory of peace and the old joy.
- How, then, to break that barrier?.
- Familiarity with young people, especially at recess. Without familiarity can not show affection, and without this demonstration can not be trusted. He who wants to be loved, it is necessary to show that love. Jesus Christ became small with small and bore our diseases. Behold the Master of the family!
"Master which is only seen in the chair, it's only teacher and nothing more, but if you participate in recreational youth also becomes a brother."
"If one is seen in the pulpit preaching, they say that does his duty, but if he is seen saying on the playground a good word, we must recognize that the word comes from a person you love."
"How many conversions were not the effect of any of the words he spoke suddenly a young man's ear while having fun! He who knows he is loved, loves and is loved get it all, especially young people. This trust provides an electric current between young and higher. Hearts are opened, make known their needs and express its defects. This love makes the upper can withstand the hardships, the disappointments, the ingratitude, the lack of discipline, frivolities, neglect of youth. Jesus did not break the cane and rattan, nor quench the smoldering wick. Here's your model. Then no one will work for pride, or who punished to avenge his pride hurt, or who withdraws from the field of assistance to a feared preponderance zeal of others, or who gossip of others to be loved and esteemed by the youth to the exclusion of all other higher when in fact they will not reap nothing but contempt and hypocritical flattery, and who let them steal the heart of a creature and in entertaining it neglected all the other youngsters, or who, for the sake of their own comfort, jeopardize the duty of assistance, or who by false human respect, not to admonish those who need to be cautioned. If there is this love cash, otherwise we shall not seek the glory of God and the good of souls. When this love is languishing when things go wrong. Why charity is intended to replace the chill of a regulation? Why set aside over the observance of those rules of education that they gave Don Bosco? For the system to prevent, monitor and correct disorders lovingly, you will want to replace that other easier and more comfortable for the boss, to enact the law and enforce it, by the punishments that carry hate and dislikes light, if observing them is neglected, cause of contempt for the senior and most serious disorders. And this is necessarily the case if there is no familiarity. If, therefore, it is desired that the oratorio reign of former happiness, we must give effect to the old system: the upper is for everyone, always willing to listen to any doubt or regret for young people, all eyes for paternal monitoring their behavior, all heart to seek the spiritual good of their junior and temporal welfare of those whom Providence has entrusted to your care. "
" Then the heart will not stay closed and not hide things that cause the death of souls. Only in the case of immorality, are the top inflexible. It is better to run the danger away from home to an innocent person to stay in it a scandal. Attendees will consider as a grave obligation of conscience refer to the above all created things that may constitute an offense against God. "
Then I asked:
- And what is the primary means to succeed such familiarity and that love and trust?.
- The exact observation of the Rules of the house.
- Is that all?.
- The best dish at a meal is a good face. As my former student
finished speaking these words, I kept watching with real disgust recess and, little by little, I felt oppressed by a great weariness grew. This oppression reached such a point that can not resist, I shuddered, then waking up. I found
Standing beside my bed. My legs were so swollen and hurt so much, I could not stand. It was late, so I went to bed, decided to write these lines to my dear children.
I wish not to have these dreams, because I produce a great exhaustion.
The next day, he still felt pain in my bones and I could not wait to rest. But here, at evening, I was just in bed, I began to dream again.
had before my eyes the yard occupied by young people who are currently in the Oratory, next to me, the same former student.
I then began to ask:
- What I've said is I will let my Salesians, but what I tell young people the Oratory?.
- To recognize the work they are imposed over the teachers and assistants for their sakes, for styling if not for their sake, not be imposed so many sacrifices to remember that humility is the source of all tranquility that know bear the faults of others, because perfection is not in this world, but only in Paradise, to stop gossip, gossip cools as hearts, and above all, to seek to live in the grace of God. Who does not live in peace with God, can not have peace with himself and with others.
- You told me then that is between my young who are not at peace with God?.
- This is, among other things, the first cause of the prevailing unrest, which must be remedied and that I need not mention it. Indeed, only distrust those who have secrets to hide, who fear that these secrets are discovered, he knows which, if shown, derive from them a great shame and not a few mishaps. At the same time, if the heart is not at peace with God, living anxious, restless, rebellious to all obedience, irritated by anything, he believes that everything is going wrong, and as he does not love does not judge that higher love.
- Well, however, can not you see, my dear, the frequency of existing denominations and communions in the chapel?.
- It is true that the frequency of confessions is great, but what is lacking in many young people all who confess, is the stability or firmness of purpose. He confesses, but always the same errors, the same proximate occasions of the same bad habits, the same disobedience, the same negligence in the performance of duties. So go ahead for months and years, and some up to the end of the studies. Such confessions are worth little or nothing, so do not provide peace, and if a young man in such a state was called before the tribunal of God, would be in a bind.
- And of these there are many in the chapel?.
- Regarding with the large number of young people in the house, fortunately they are few. Look.
And in saying this I pointed them out.
I watched them one by one. But in those few, I saw things that my heart greatly embittered. I do not want to express in writing, but back when they are communicate to each stakeholder. Now I will say only that it is time to pray and to take firm decisions, to meet not in word but in deed and to demonstrate that Comollo, the Dominic Savio, the Bessucco and Saccardi, still live among us.
Finally I asked one friend:
- Got something to say?.
- preaches to everyone, young and old, to remember where are the children of Mary Help of Christians. She has gathered here to deliver them from the dangers of the world to love one another as brothers and give glory to God as She and her good behavior, which is the Virgin who provides bread and all they need to study infinite working wonders and giving countless graces. Remember that they are on the eve of the feast of the Blessed Mother and with his help you must drop the barrier of mistrust that the devil has managed to raise young people and their superiors, and which knows how to use for ruin of souls.
- And get down that barrier?.
- Yes, indeed, provided adults and children are willing to suffer a mortification for the sake of Mary and implement what I have said.
Meanwhile, I continued to watch the youngsters, and the sight of those who saw their aim to eternal damnation, I felt such anguish in my heart that I woke up.
I tell many important things that I saw in this dream, but time and circumstances do not permit me.
conclude: You know what they want from you this poor old man, who has spent his life searching for the good of their young ones?. Just
which saved in due proportion, flourish the happy days of the old chapel. The days of love and trust Christian young people and their superiors, the days of the spirit of mutual tolerance condescension and love for Jesus Christ, the days of open hearts to the simplicity and candor, the days of love and true happiness for all. I need to be comforted by the hope reborn in me and promising to do everything I wish for the good of our souls. You can not appreciate how lucky they are to be in the chapel. I assure you, before God, it is sufficient that a young man enters a Salesian House, that the Blessed Virgin will take under his celestial protection. Let us, therefore, all agreed. Charity of the rulers, the love of those who must obey, then reign among us the spirit of St. Francis de Sales. Oh, my dear children! It is about time that I must separate myself from you and for eternity.
(Note by the Secretary: to get here, let's give Don Bosco, his eyes filled with tears, not because of disgust, but by the ineffable tenderness that was reflected in his face and in his words a few seconds then continued) .
So my greatest wish, my dear priests, clerics and youth is designed to leave the path that the Lord would continue.
To this end, the Holy Father, whom I have seen on Friday, May 8, sends his blessing wholeheartedly. Mary Day Help me find in the company of all of you before the image of our most beloved Mother. I hope that your holiday is celebrated with solemnity and joy. The feast of Mary Help of Christians should be the prelude to the eternal feast that we celebrate together one day in paradise.
Yours in Christ.
Juan Bosco.
Wednesday, May 12, 2010
Wiring Set Up For Alpine Swr1242d
Thursday, May 6, 2010
Pictuers Scooter Wheels
[Case Study] Oracle export -> import using Netcat
There are many reasons to run an export, the principal is to make a backup database by way of "protection" If this is lost. In principle, this mechanism is the most basic support and, of course, is not recommended for production databases of several gigabytes in size, for that there are other more sophisticated methods ranging from the use of RMAN backups to filesystem level as Veritas Netbackup, EMC, etc.
export Another common use is to move a scheme or schemes or even the entire database from one environment to another, for example, "board" (make a copy of the database)
UAT environment with copy of the production environment, ie run a export of the production database is generated the dump file (. dmp) and run an import in the database UAT. Sounds simple right? and it is if the database is relatively small, complications arise when the database is relatively large and the space on the filesystems is not enough to create the dump file.
Another not so common use is to use export / import to migrate a database or only those objects (schemas) of concern when it comes to a change of platform (operating system), ie if the base data is mounted on a 64-bit Linux server and mount interested in a server with Solaris (SPARC) is not possible to do this by copying only the database files from one server to another as is usually done when the servers are on the same platform The same applies when it comes to migrating from Solaris (SPARC) HP-UX (RISC or Itanium) or vice versa. Can not be done due to ENDI it takes for each platform.
Putting aside the discussion of why change from one platform to another and focusing attention on what are the points to consider (to migrate the database from one server to another) and to carry out in the shortest time possible, making the case that this is a production database is relatively large (greater than 1 Tb) and can not be offline for a long period of time, it becomes a challenge with many aspects. ideal solution, you look at the RMAN documentation that shows the matrix platforms for which you can create "transportable tablespaces" with the engine version of your current bd. If applicable, generate the corresponding transportable tablespaces, the loads on the bd of the new platform, low production database, you apply the archive logs generated in the production since it began bd generation of transportable tablespaces in the new bd platform, lift the new bd, ask them to do tests with the application points to the new db to validate that everything works properly and should not take more than a couple of hours from low production database until testing the application can be given as satisfactory and the db on the new platform now becomes the production bd. Of course there must be a process of validation prior to the plan is successful, and above all to have executed the plan as often as they were possible to refine all the details, resolve the errors presented, among many other points.
points against, what happens if you can not create "transportable tablespaces" between the two platforms, what happens if the platform permits (to create transportable tablespaces) but do not have space in the filesystems, what if the platform does not allow (create transportable tablespaces) and also do not have space in the filesystems. What happens if you have sufficient space is required to compress the backup to transfer over the network, what happens if the bandwidth in the network is not acceptable (100 Mbps), etc., etc., etc.
The variables in this direction make the process becomes complex and the best in this case is put on the table and consult with the company's ability to acquire these means (more space, gigabit network or better, etc..)
What if the company is not able to purchase any of these media (more space, gigabit network, etc.), not at this time perhaps more for reasons of budget will not buy it.
solution. Using * nix resources in combination with the export / import is possible to make direct migration database a database without having to generate the dump, where also the two processes are parallel, ie that since the export is launched, the output generated is transferred to IMMEDIATE as the server via the network that launched the import application data instantly. "Cool right?
What do you need?
Cookie (processing power) on both servers.
compression. Better yet, what if instead of transferring 300 GB over the network, only a relatively minimal transferred? Assuming that the table in question contains only fields with common data types (not LOBs, LONGS and) the level of compression with gzip can be up to 80% or higher. That is, instead of transferring the 300 GB point to point standard gzip compression is applied to reduce the transfer to 55 GB or even better, that such if you apply the example of three processes, then would spread the load transfer at 18.3 Gb each. Super cool! Here comes into play the "cookie" on servers.
is necessary to optimize the database where you run the import, the Metalink note 93763.1 has just what you do. This optimization is only for the import, then to make sure that everything went well and before you make the change for the new bd bd be productive now, it will be necessary to return settings to their original values.
In the example of the table with a size of 300 Gb, I did not take into account the indices ie only take into account the size of the table is 300 GB including the primary key index, the table may have other rates which would increase the volume of transfer, for example, if the table also has 5 indices with an overall size of 100 GB, the total would be 400 GB transfer Since the aim is to transfer the essence in the shortest possible time, is acceptable only transfer data and then create the indexes on the destination db. Course generating a script from the production database with the sentences to create them.
With two databases one in 9i (source) and the other in 10g (target) mounted on HP-UX servers and network to 100 Mbps, the numbers obtained to transfer a complete scheme of 2.3 Gb are
Data + Indices + bd unoptimized destination:
Mb Total
This method does not work with Data Pump
Another not so common use is to use export / import to migrate a database or only those objects (schemas) of concern when it comes to a change of platform (operating system), ie if the base data is mounted on a 64-bit Linux server and mount interested in a server with Solaris (SPARC) is not possible to do this by copying only the database files from one server to another as is usually done when the servers are on the same platform The same applies when it comes to migrating from Solaris (SPARC) HP-UX (RISC or Itanium) or vice versa. Can not be done due to ENDI it takes for each platform.
Putting aside the discussion of why change from one platform to another and focusing attention on what are the points to consider (to migrate the database from one server to another) and to carry out in the shortest time possible, making the case that this is a production database is relatively large (greater than 1 Tb) and can not be offline for a long period of time, it becomes a challenge with many aspects. ideal solution, you look at the RMAN documentation that shows the matrix platforms for which you can create "transportable tablespaces" with the engine version of your current bd. If applicable, generate the corresponding transportable tablespaces, the loads on the bd of the new platform, low production database, you apply the archive logs generated in the production since it began bd generation of transportable tablespaces in the new bd platform, lift the new bd, ask them to do tests with the application points to the new db to validate that everything works properly and should not take more than a couple of hours from low production database until testing the application can be given as satisfactory and the db on the new platform now becomes the production bd. Of course there must be a process of validation prior to the plan is successful, and above all to have executed the plan as often as they were possible to refine all the details, resolve the errors presented, among many other points.
points against, what happens if you can not create "transportable tablespaces" between the two platforms, what happens if the platform permits (to create transportable tablespaces) but do not have space in the filesystems, what if the platform does not allow (create transportable tablespaces) and also do not have space in the filesystems. What happens if you have sufficient space is required to compress the backup to transfer over the network, what happens if the bandwidth in the network is not acceptable (100 Mbps), etc., etc., etc.
The variables in this direction make the process becomes complex and the best in this case is put on the table and consult with the company's ability to acquire these means (more space, gigabit network or better, etc..)
What if the company is not able to purchase any of these media (more space, gigabit network, etc.), not at this time perhaps more for reasons of budget will not buy it.
solution. Using * nix resources in combination with the export / import is possible to make direct migration database a database without having to generate the dump, where also the two processes are parallel, ie that since the export is launched, the output generated is transferred to IMMEDIATE as the server via the network that launched the import application data instantly. "Cool right?
What do you need?
Cookie (processing power) on both servers.
that the network is fast (at least Gigabit).
- Optimize the database for import.
- Advantages
compression. Better yet, what if instead of transferring 300 GB over the network, only a relatively minimal transferred? Assuming that the table in question contains only fields with common data types (not LOBs, LONGS and) the level of compression with gzip can be up to 80% or higher. That is, instead of transferring the 300 GB point to point standard gzip compression is applied to reduce the transfer to 55 GB or even better, that such if you apply the example of three processes, then would spread the load transfer at 18.3 Gb each. Super cool! Here comes into play the "cookie" on servers.
is necessary to optimize the database where you run the import, the Metalink note 93763.1 has just what you do. This optimization is only for the import, then to make sure that everything went well and before you make the change for the new bd bd be productive now, it will be necessary to return settings to their original values.
In the example of the table with a size of 300 Gb, I did not take into account the indices ie only take into account the size of the table is 300 GB including the primary key index, the table may have other rates which would increase the volume of transfer, for example, if the table also has 5 indices with an overall size of 100 GB, the total would be 400 GB transfer Since the aim is to transfer the essence in the shortest possible time, is acceptable only transfer data and then create the indexes on the destination db. Course generating a script from the production database with the sentences to create them. With two databases one in 9i (source) and the other in 10g (target) mounted on HP-UX servers and network to 100 Mbps, the numbers obtained to transfer a complete scheme of 2.3 Gb are
Data + Indices + bd unoptimized destination:
| Transfer Time | 2.336 | ||
| 362 Mb 16:16 Min 2.336 | |||
| 254 Mb 15:33 min | Data - optimized target rate + bd: |
| Compression Method | transfer time | 1.387 | |
| 361 Mb 7:01 Min 1.387 | |||
| 254 Mb 6:12 min | As can be seen, the volume of bytes transferred is nearly the same with or without indices, however, the difference is the transfer time which is reduced by just over 50%. The exercise also includes a comparison using two compression methods, the most efficient gzip both in bytes and time. |
This method does not work with Data Pump
If the transfer is interrupted due to network problems, you have to restart the process from scratch.
Wednesday, May 5, 2010
Monday, May 3, 2010
How To Make Capsaicin (cream Or Ointment)
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